Do you ever stop to think about the air you breathe? It’s easy to take the very essence of life for granted, but the quality of the air around us can have a profound impact on our health and well-being. Almost all living things, including plants and trees, need respiration. While breathing is a characteristic of all living things, every individual has the ease of breathing clean air.
Hazardous materials are introduced into our atmosphere, the surrounding gaseous layer that envelops Earth, by human activity and some natural processes. This air pollution seriously jeopardises our general quality of life and well-being.
Air pollution is a pressing concern in today’s world, and the effects of air pollution on our health are undeniable. We’ll explore the complex connections between air pollution, the Air Quality Index (AQI), and the several illnesses that are caused by the severe impact of air pollution from extended exposure to low air quality in this comprehensive blog.
The Invisible Danger of Air Pollution
Air pollution is often an invisible enemy, slipping into the atmosphere and silently affecting our health. It comprises a mixture of harmful pollutants released into the air, primarily from human activities like industrial processes, transportation, and energy production.
These pollutants include particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). But what makes these pollutants so concerning?
As our planet experiences rising temperatures and increasing population density, our engines persistently emit harmful pollutants. Furthermore, about half the world’s population needs access to renewable energy technology and sources, such as lighting and stoves. Consequently, the air we depend on for survival is becoming alarmingly contaminated, with nine out of ten individuals now exposed to polluted air. This dire situation claims the lives of 7 million people annually.
Given these concerning figures, one would want to know: What concrete harm does this widespread air pollution cause to human health? Let’s assess the impacts of this pollution on the air.
Impact of air pollution on our health
Air pollution poses a serious hazard to human health in addition to being an environmental issue. The effects of breathing contaminated air are extensive, ranging from cardiovascular disorders to respiratory illnesses. Some of the hazards that are concealed in the air we breathe are:
Respiratory Distress: Air pollution has a profound impact on our respiratory health. Exposure to particulate matter and ground-level ozone can lead to inflammation of the airways, coughing, and shortness of breath. For those with pre-existing conditions like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the effects can be even more severe.
Cardiovascular Complications: Prolonged exposure to pollutants can increase the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and high blood pressure. It can also disrupt the normal functioning of blood vessels and increase the likelihood of blood clot formation.
Reduced Lung Growth: Children are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of air pollution. Exposure to pollutants during childhood can stunt lung growth, which may lead to lifelong respiratory problems.
Neurological Impact: Emerging research suggests that air pollution may have neurotoxic effects, potentially contributing to cognitive decline and even mental health issues.
Decoding the Air Quality Index (AQI)
The Air Quality Index (AQI) is a standardised measure that quantifies the level of air pollution in a specific area. It offers a simple and accessible way for the public to gauge air quality. Air Quality Index typically ranges from 0 to 500, with higher values indicating worse air quality. It categorises air quality into different colour-coded levels, making it easy for everyone to understand. Here’s a breakdown of the Air Quality Index levels:
- 0-50 (Good): Air quality is satisfactory, posing little or no risk to health.
- 51-100 (Moderate): Air quality is acceptable; however, there may be a slight concern for people who are unusually sensitive to air pollution.
- 101-150 (Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups): Members of sensitive groups, such as children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing conditions, may experience health effects. It does not affect the general public.
- 151-200 (Unhealthy): Health problems may start to affect everyone, and they may get worse for those in vulnerable categories.
- 201-300 (Very Unhealthy): Health Warning: Serious health problems may occur in any person.
- 301–500 (Hazardous): Emergencies with health warnings. It’s likely to have an impact on the whole population.
Through the Air Quality Index and using an air quality monitor, you can make informed decisions and create a healthier living environment amid air pollution. By regularly using an air quality monitor, you can stay informed about the air you breathe. An air quality monitor measures various pollutants, providing valuable data to help you make informed decisions and protect your well-being. With an air quality monitor, you can monitor air quality in real time and make necessary adjustments to create a cleaner and safer living space.
Diseases Linked to Poor Air Quality
Our general health is closely related to the quality of the air we breathe. It is becoming more widely acknowledged that a number of diseases are on the rise due to poor air quality. In the following section, we examine the health hazards that require our attention and examine the disorders that are directly associated with breathing in air pollution.
Asthma: People with Asthma are particularly vulnerable to air pollution. Pollutants can trigger asthma attacks, worsen symptoms, and increase the frequency of attacks.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Air pollution can accelerate the progression of COPD, leading to increased breathlessness and exacerbations of the disease.
Lung Cancer: Long-term exposure to air pollutants, particularly fine particulate matter, has been associated with an increased risk of lung cancer.
Heart Disease: Poor air quality is a significant risk factor for heart diseases, including coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, and congestive heart failure.
Stroke: Research indicates that air pollution may raise the risk of strokes, particularly ischemic strokes.
What Can We Do to Protect Ourselves?
Amidst the concerning realities, causes of air pollution, and its impact on health, there’s room for hope and action. We can do these needful for our protection from the causes of air pollution.
Stay Informed: Regularly check the AQI in your area to make informed decisions about outdoor activities.
Reduce Exposure: On high pollution days, limit outdoor activities, especially if you’re in a sensitive group.
Use Air Purifiers: Invest in home air purifiers to improve indoor air quality.
Reduce Car Emissions: Carpool, use public transportation or switch to electric vehicles to reduce your carbon footprint.
Advocate for Change: Support policies and initiatives that aim to reduce air pollution and promote clean energy sources.
Air pollution is an insidious threat to our health, but with knowledge and action, we can mitigate its effects. Various medical specialties play a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of the causes of air pollution-related diseases. These include Pulmonology, Cardiology, Neurology, Dermatology, Pediatrics, and Environmental Medicine. Seeking expert guidance in these fields can make a significant difference in managing and mitigating the effects of air pollution on health.
Air pollution can damage many different organs in the body, so it is essential to consult with a specialist in the appropriate field of medicine, depending on the specific symptoms or health problems you are experiencing. It’s time to breathe easy.
